Glossary of EM.Cube's Sources & Devices
Contents
- 1 Active Distributed One-Port Device
- 2 Active Distributed Two-Port Device
- 3 Active Lumped One-Port Device
- 4 Active Lumped Two-Port Device
- 5 Capacitor
- 6 Coaxial Port
- 7 Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) Port
- 8 Diode
- 9 Distributed Source
- 10 Hertzian Short Dipole Source
- 11 Inductor
- 12 Lumped Source
- 13 Parallel RC Device
- 14 Point Transmitter Set
- 15 Probe Gap Circuit Load
- 16 Probe Gap Circuit Source
- 17 Resistor
- 18 Series RL Device
- 19 Strip Gap Circuit Load
- 20 Strip Gap Circuit Source
- 21 Waveguide Port
- 22 Wire Gap Circuit Load
- 23 Wire Gap Circuit Source
Active Distributed One-Port Device
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places an active distributed one-port device or circuit with a Netlist definition at an edge of a specified strip object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE AN ACTIVE DISTRIBUTED ONE-PORT DEVICE:
- Right-click on the Active One-Ports item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Active One-Port Device/Circuit Dialog.
- From the Rect Strip drop-down list, select a rectangle strip object. Note that only strip objects parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- Select one of the edges of the rectangle strip where you want to place the active device.
- Enter a value for Height in project units. This is the height of the microstrip transmission line above its ground plane. It determines the size of the "active sheet".
- Enter the Netlist description of the device in the dialog's text editor.
- Alternatively, you can import an existing external Netlist file with a ".CIR" or ".TXT" file extension using the Load Netlist button.
- In the box labeled Input Node, enter the circuit node used in the Netlist that corresponds to the physical microstrip port. The ground is assumed to be Node 0.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: distributed_one_port(label,rect_object,height,edge,netlist_filename,input_node)
ACTIVE DISTRIBUTED ONE-PORT DEVICE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
height | real numeric | project units | 1.5 | the height of the microstrip transmission line above its ground plane |
input_port | integer numeric | - | 1 | Netlist circuit node that is connected to the FDTD mesh |
Active Distributed Two-Port Device
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places an active distributed two-port device or circuit with a Netlist definition at the edges of two specified strip objects that are both parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE AN ACTIVE DISTRIBUTED TWO-PORT DEVICE:
- Right-click on the Active Two-Ports item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Active Two-Port Device/Circuit Dialog.
- In the Input and Output Port sections of the dialog, select two distinct rectangle strip objects from the two Rect Strip drop-down lists. Note that only strip objects parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- Select one of the edges of each rectangle strip where you want to place the input and output ports of the active device.
- Enter a value for Height in project units. This is the height of the two microstrip transmission lines above their common ground plane. It determines the size of the two "active sheets".
- Enter the Netlist description of the two-port device in the dialog's text editor.
- Alternatively, you can import an existing external Netlist file with a ".CIR" or ".TXT" file extension using the Load Netlist button.
- In the boxes labeled Input Node and Output Node, enter the circuit nodes used in the Netlist that corresponds to the two physical microstrip ports. The ground is assumed to be Node 0.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: distributed_two_port(label,rect_object_1,height_1,edge_1,rect_object_2,height_2,edge_2,netlist_filename,input_node,output_node)
ACTIVE DISTRIBUTED TWO-PORT DEVICE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
height_1 | real numeric | project units | 1.5 | the height of the input microstrip transmission line above its ground plane |
height_2 | real numeric | project units | 1.5 | the height of the output microstrip transmission line above its ground plane |
input_port | integer numeric | - | 1 | Netlist circuit node that is connected to the FDTD mesh at Port 1 |
output_port | integer numeric | - | 2 | Netlist circuit node that is connected to the FDTD mesh at Port 2 |
Active Lumped One-Port Device
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a lumped active one-port device or circuit with a Netlist definition at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE AN ACTIVE LUMPED ONE-PORT DEVICE:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only lines parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select One-Port Netlist Circuit.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Enter the Netlist definition of your one-port circuit in the box labeled Netlist'.
- Alternatively, you can import a Netlist text file. Click the Load Netlist button of the dialog. The standard Windows Open dialog opens up. You can import text files with a ".CIR" or ".TXT" file extension.
- Enter an integer value for Input Node of your circuit. The device will be connected to the FDTD mesh at the specified input node and the ground node (0).
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: lumped_one_port(label,line_object,offset,netlist_filename,input_node)
ACTIVE LUMPED ONE-PORT DEVICE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
input_port | integer numeric | - | 1 | Netlist circuit node that is connected to the FDTD mesh |
Active Lumped Two-Port Device
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a lumped active two-port device or circuit with a Netlist definition at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE AN ACTIVE LUMPED ONE-PORT DEVICE:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host Obj. 1 drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only lines parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select Two-Port Netlist Circuit.
- For a two-port device, you need to select a second host line from the drop-down list labeled Host Obj. 2.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the two Offset parameters, which are measured from the start point of the host lines and are always positive.
- Enter the Netlist definition of your two-port circuit in the box labeled Netlist'.
- Alternatively, you can import a Netlist text file. Click the Load Netlist button of the dialog. The standard Windows Open dialog opens up. You can import text files with a ".CIR" or ".TXT" file extension.
- Enter two integer values for Input Node' and Output Node of your circuit. The two-pot device will be connected to the FDTD mesh at the specified input and output nodes and the ground node (0).
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: lumped_two_port(label,line_object_1,offset_1,line_object_2,offset_2,netlist_filename,input_node,output_node)
ACTIVE LUMPED TWO-PORT DEVICE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset1 | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between Port 1 and the start point of the first host line object |
offset2 | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between Port 2 and the start point of the second host line object |
input_port | integer numeric | - | 1 | Netlist circuit node that is connected to the FDTD mesh at Port 1 |
output_port | integer numeric | - | 2 | Netlist circuit node that is connected to the FDTD mesh at Port 2 |
Capacitor
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a capacitor at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A CAPACITOR:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only lines parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select Capacitor.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Enter a value for Capacitance in pF. The default capacitance is 1pF.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: capacitor(label,line_object,offset,capacitance_pF)
LUMPED CAPACITOR PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
capacitance | real numeric | pF | 1 | - |
Coaxial Port
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a special distributed circular source of a specified width pointing away radially at one of the bases of a PEC cylinder object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A COAXIAL PORT:
- Right-click on the Coaxial Ports item in the navigation tree of EM.Tempo.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Coaxial Port Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a cylinder object. Note that only PEC cylinder objects parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- You have to specify the outer radius of the coaxial port, which is the same as the outer conductor radius of the coaxial transmission line. The inner conductor radius of the coaxial line is the same as the radius of the host cylinder object.
- A coaxial port can be placed at one of the two bases of the host cylinder. You can select the desired location from the Local Edge drop-down list.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: coaxial_src(label,cylinder_object,outer_radius,edge[,magnitude,phase,resistance])
COAXIAL PORT PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
outer radius | real numeric | project units | 2 * host cylinder radius | coaxial line's outer conductor radius |
resistance | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | internal impedance of the distributed voltage source |
Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) Port
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places two coupled special distributed sources of a specified width pointing opposite directions on the two sides of one of the edges of a PEC rectangle strip object that is parallel to one of the three principal planes
TO DEFINE A CPW PORT:
- Right-click on the CPW Ports item in the navigation tree of EM.Tempo.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the CPW Port Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a rectangle strip object. Note that only PEC rectangle strip objects parallel to one of the three principal planes are listed.
- You have to specify the width of the CPW port, which is the same as the slot width of the coplanar waveguide transmission line.
- A CPW port can be placed at one of the four edges of the host rectangle strip. You can select the desired location from the Edge drop-down list.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: cpw_src(label,rect_object,spacing,edge[,magnitude,phase,resistance])
CPW PORT PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
width | real numeric | project units | 5 | coplanar waveguide's slot width |
resistance | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | internal impedance of the distributed voltage source |
Diode
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places an nonlinear diode at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A DIODE:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only line parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select Diode.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Enter values for Saturation Current in fA, ambient Temperature in degrees Kelvin and a value between 1 and 2 for the diode's Ideality Factor.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: inductor(label,line_object,offset,inductance_nH)
LUMPED NONLINEAR DIODE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
saturation current | real numeric | fA | 1 | - |
temperature | real numeric | deg K | 300 | - |
ideality factor | real numeric | - | 1 | must be between 1 and 2 |
Distributed Source
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a distributed voltage source with a distributed internal resistor over a virtual rectangle strip object that is parallel to one of the three principal planes
TO DEFINE A DISTRIBUTED SOURCE:
- Right-click on the Distributed Sources item in the navigation tree of EM.Tempo.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Distributed Source Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a rectangle strip object. Note that only rectangle strip objects of virtual type and parallel to one of the three principal planes are listed.
- A distributed source has a field profile with three options: uniform, sinusoidal and edge-singular. The default option is uniform.
- The direction of the impressed electric field can be aligned along one of the edges of its host rectangle strip object, either in the positive or negative direction. You can select the desired direction from the Field Dir drop-down list.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
NOTES, SPECIAL CASES OR EXCEPTIONS: The current version of EM.Tempo provides three spatial field profiles for a distributed source:
- Uniform: E = E0
- Sinusoidal: E = E0 cos(πy/w)
- Edge-Singular: E = E0 / √ [ 1-(2y/w)^2 ]
In the above functional forms, E0 is a constant, y is the coordinate along the direction of field variation measured from the center of the rectangular area and w is its total width along the y direction.
PYTHON COMMAND: distributed_src(label,rect_object,field_dir,profile[,magnitude,phase,resistance])
DISTRIBUTED SOURCE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
profile | List: uniform, sinusoidal, edge-singular | V/m | uniform | field distribution profile in the host rectangular region |
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the source and the start point of the host line object |
resistance | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | internal impedance of the distributed voltage source |
Hertzian Short Dipole Source
MODULE: EM.Tempo, EM.Terrano, EM.Illumina, EM.Picasso, EM.Libera
FUNCTION: Places a short dipole radiator at a specified location in the project workspace
TO DEFINE A SHORT DIPOLE SOURCE:
- Right-click on the Hertzian Short Dipoles item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Short Dipole Dialog.
- By default, the short dipole radiator is placed at the origin of coordinates. You can modify the source coordinates.
- By default, a vertical Z-directed short dipole radiator is defined. You can change the components of the unit vector along the dipole to reorient it along any arbitrary direction.
- You may also modify the current strength and length of the Hertzian dipole.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
NOTES, SPECIAL CASES OR EXCEPTIONS: A Hertzian dipole is the simplest type of radiator, which consists of a short current element of length Δl, aligned along a unit vector û and carrying a current of I Amperes. The product IΔl is often called the dipole moment and gives a measure of the radiator's strength. A short vertical dipole in the free space generates an azimuth-symmetric, almost omni-directional, far field. The fields radiated by a short Hertzian dipole in a free-space background medium are given by:
- [math] \mathbf{ E^{inc}(r) } = - jk_0 Z_0 (I\Delta l) \left\{ \left[ 1 - \frac{j}{k_0 R} - \frac{1}{(k_0 R)^2} \right] \mathbf{\hat{u}} - \left[ 1 - \frac{3j}{k_0 R} - \frac{3}{(k_0 R)^2} \right] \mathbf{ (\hat{R} \cdot \hat{u}) } \right\} \frac{e^{-jk_0 R}}{4\pi R} [/math]
- [math] \mathbf{ H^{inc}(r) } = - jk_0 (I\Delta l) \left[ 1-\frac{j}{k_0 R} \right] \mathbf{ (\hat{R} \times \hat{u} ) } \frac{e^{-jk_0 R}}{4\pi R} [/math]
where [math] R=|r-r'| \text{, } k_0 = \frac{2\pi}{\lambda_0} \text{ and } Z_0 = 1/Y_0 = \eta_0 [/math], λ0 is the operating wavelength, [math]\mathbf{\hat{u}}[/math] is the unit vector along the dipole, and r0 = (x0, y0, z0) is the position vector of the dipole source.
The radiation resistance of the short dipole is given by:
- [math] R_r = 80\pi^2 \left( \frac{\Delta l}{\lambda_0} \right)^2 [/math]
The radiated power of the short dipole carrying a current I is displayed in the source dialog and is computed as:
- [math] P_{rad} = \frac{1}{2} R_r |I_0|^2 = 40\pi^2 |I|^2 \left( \frac{\Delta l}{\lambda_0} \right)^2 [/math]
The radiated fields of a short dipole above a layered planar background structure are greatly altered by the presence of the substrate layers. The electric and magnetic fields radiated by a short dipole in the presence of a layered background structure are indeed the dyadic Green's functions of that structure:
- [math] \mathbf{E^{inc}(r)} = \int_{\Delta_L} \mathbf{\overline{\overline{G_{EJ}}}(r|r')} \cdot (I\Delta l \mathbf{\hat{u}}) \, dl' [/math]
- [math] \mathbf{H^{inc}(r)} = \int_{\Delta_L} \mathbf{\overline{\overline{G_{HJ}}}(r|r')} \cdot (I\Delta l \mathbf{\hat{u}}) \, dl' [/math]
PYTHON COMMAND: short_dipole(label,x0,y0,z0,length,uX,uY,uZ,amplitude,phase)
SHORT DIPOLE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
x0 | real numeric | project units | 0 | X-coordinate of source location |
y0 | real numeric | project units | 0 | Y-coordinate of source location |
z0 | real numeric | project units | 0 | Z-coordinate of source location |
amplitude | real numeric | Amperes | 1 | amplitude of dipole current |
phase | real numeric | degrees | 0 | phase of dipole current |
length | real numeric | project units | 3 | dipole length |
uX | real numeric | - | 0 | X-component of unit direction vector |
uY | real numeric | - | 0 | Y-component of unit direction vector |
uZ | real numeric | - | 1 | Z-component of unit direction vector |
Inductor
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places an inductor at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A INDUCTOR:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only line parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select Inductor.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Enter a value for Inductance in nH. The default inductance is 1nH.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: inductor(label,line_object,offset,inductance_nH)
LUMPED INDUCTOR PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
inductance | real numeric | nH | 1 | - |
Lumped Source
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places an ideal voltage source with a series internal resistor at a specified point on a PEC or thin wire line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A LUMPED SOURCE:
- Right-click on the Lumped Sources item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Source Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only line parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- By default, the lumped source is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: lumped_src(label,line_object,offset,polarity[,amplitude,phase,resistance])
LUMPED SOURCE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
polarity | List: pos, neg | - | - | polarity of the voltage source |
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the source and the start point of the host line object |
resistance | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | internal impedance of voltage source at the gap |
Parallel RC Device
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a collocated parallel combination of a resistor and a capacitor at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A SERIES RL DEVICE:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only lines parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select Parallel RC.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Enter a value for Resistance in Ohms and a value for Capacitance in pF. The default values are 100Ω and 1pF, respectively.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: None
LUMPED PARALLEL RC DEVICE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
resistance | real numeric | Ohms | 100 | - |
capacitance | real numeric | pF | 1 | - |
Point Transmitter Set
MODULE: EM.Terrano
FUNCTION: Defines an transmitter set associated with an existing base location set
TO DEFINE A POINT TRANSMITTER SET:
- Right-click on the Transmitters item in the navigation tree of EM.Terrano.
- Select Insert New Transmitter Set... to open up the Transmitter Set Dialog.
- From the drop-down list labeled Select Base Point Set, choose the desired base location set, which can be a single point object or a point array.
PYTHON COMMAND transmitter_set(label,radiator_set[,power,phase,rin_ant,xin_ant])
POINT TRANSMITTER SET PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
baseband power | real numeric | Watts | 1 | total transmitted power |
phase | real numeric | degrees | 0 | phase of transmitted signal |
Probe Gap Circuit Load
MODULE: EM.Picasso
FUNCTION: Places a general series-parallel RLC circuit in the middle of an embedded vertical PEC via object
TO DEFINE A PROBE GAP CIRCUIT:
- Right-click on the Probe Gap Circuits item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a PEC Via object set.
- For "Lumped Circuit Type", select the Passive RLC radio button.
- Click the Impedance... button of the dialog to open up the Lumped Element Impedance dialog. The default series resistance is 50Ω. Check all the boxes for the series or parallel R, L, C elements as desired and enter values for the resistances, capacitances and inductances.
- Click the OK buttons of the dialogs to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: (Only a series resistor when amplitude is set equal to zero.)
probe_src(label,via_object,polarity[,amplitude,phase,resistance])
PROBE GAP LOAD PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rs | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | series resistor (must be checked) |
Ls | real numeric | nH | - | series inductor (must be checked) |
Cs | real numeric | pF | - | series capacitor (must be checked) |
Rs | real numeric | Ohms | - | parallel resistor (must be checked) |
Ls | real numeric | nH | - | parallel inductor (must be checked) |
Cs | real numeric | pF | - | parallel capacitor (must be checked) |
Probe Gap Circuit Source
MODULE: EM.Picasso
FUNCTION: Creates an infinitesimal gap across the middle of a vertical PEC via object and places an ideal voltage source with a series internal resistor
TO DEFINE A PROBE GAP SOURCE:
- Right-click on the Probe Gap Circuits item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Probe Gap Source Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a PEC via object.
- The probe gap source is always placed in the middle of the PEC via object.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: probe_src(label,via_object,polarity[,amplitude,phase,resistance])
PROBE GAP SOURCE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
polarity | List: pos, neg | - | pos | polarity of the voltage source |
amplitude | real numeric | Volts | 1 | amplitude of voltage source at the gap |
phase | real numeric | degrees | 0 | phase of voltage source at the gap |
Resistor
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a resistor at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A RESISTOR:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only line parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select Resistor.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Enter a value for Resistance in Ohms. The default resistance is 100Ω.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: resistor(label,line_object,offset,resistance)
LUMPED RESISTOR PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
resistance | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | - |
Series RL Device
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a collocated series combination of a resistor and an inductor at a specified point on a PEC line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A SERIES RL DEVICE:
- Right-click on the Lumped Devices item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object. Note that only lines parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- From the Type drop-down list, select Series RL.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Enter a value for Resistance in Ohms and a value for Inductance in nH. The default values are 100Ω and 1nF, respectively.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: None
LUMPED SERIES RL DEVICE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
resistance | real numeric | Oms | 100 | |
inductance | real numeric | nH | 1 | - |
Strip Gap Circuit Load
MODULE: EM.Oicasso, EM.Libera
FUNCTION: Places a general series-parallel RLC circuit at a specified point on a PEC rectangle strip object
TO DEFINE A STRIP GAP CIRCUIT:
- Right-click on the Strip Gap Circuits item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a rectangle strip object.
- For "Lumped Circuit Type", select the Passive RLC radio button.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host rectangle strip object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the center of the strip and can be either positive or negative.
- Click the Impedance... button of the dialog to open up the Lumped Element Impedance dialog. The default series resistance is 50Ω. Check all the boxes for the series or parallel R, L, C elements as desired and enter values for the resistances, capacitances and inductances.
- Click the OK buttons of the dialogs to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: (Only a series resistor when amplitude is set equal to zero.)
rect_gap_src(label,rect_object,offset,polarity[,amplitude,phase,resistance])
STRIP GAP LOAD PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host rectangle strip object | distance between the device and the center of the host strip object |
Rs | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | series resistor (must be checked) |
Ls | real numeric | nH | - | series inductor (must be checked) |
Cs | real numeric | pF | - | series capacitor (must be checked) |
Rs | real numeric | Ohms | - | parallel resistor (must be checked) |
Ls | real numeric | nH | - | parallel inductor (must be checked) |
Cs | real numeric | pF | - | parallel capacitor (must be checked) |
Strip Gap Circuit Source
MODULE: EM.Picasso, EM.Libera
FUNCTION: Creates an infinitesimal gap across a PEC rectangle strip object at a specified location and places an ideal voltage source with a series internal resistor
TO DEFINE A STRIP GAP SOURCE:
- Right-click on the Strip Gap Circuits item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Strip Gap Source Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a PEC rectangle strip object.
- By default, the strip gap source is placed at the midpoint of the host rect strip object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the midpoint of the host strip and can be either positive or negative.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: rect_gap_src(label,rect_object,offset,polarity[,amplitude,phase,resistance])
STRIP GAP SOURCE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
polarity | List: pos, neg | - | pos | polarity of the voltage source |
offset | real numeric | project units | 0 | distance between the source and the midpoint of the host strip object |
amplitude | real numeric | Volts | 1 | amplitude of voltage source at the gap |
phase | real numeric | degrees | 0 | phase of voltage source at the gap |
Waveguide Port
MODULE: EM.Tempo
FUNCTION: Places a TE10 modal source at a specified location across a hollow PEC box object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes
TO DEFINE A WAVEGUIDE PORT:
- Right-click on the Waveguide Ports item in the navigation tree of EM.Tempo.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Waveguide Port Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a box object. Note that only hollow PEC box objects parallel to one of the three principal axes are listed.
- By default, the waveguide port is placed in the middle of the host box object parallel to its base. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the bottom base of the box.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: waveguide_src(label,box_object,offset,is_negative[,amplitude,phase])
WAVEGUIDE PORT PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
direction | List: pos, neg | - | - | direction of incident wave propagation |
offset | real numeric | project units | half the height of host box object | distance between the source and the bottom base of the host box object |
Wire Gap Circuit Load
MODULE: EM.Libera
FUNCTION: Places a general series-parallel RLC circuit at a specified point on a PEC line object
TO DEFINE A WIRE GAP CIRCUIT:
- Right-click on the Wire Gap Circuits item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Lumped Device Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a line object.
- For "Lumped Circuit Type", select the Passive RLC radio button.
- By default, the lumped device is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the line and is always positive.
- Click the Impedance... button of the dialog to open up the Lumped Element Impedance dialog. The default series resistance is 50Ω. Check all the boxes for the series or parallel R, L, C elements as desired and enter values for the resistances, capacitances and inductances.
- Click the OK buttons of the dialogs to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: (Only a series resistor when amplitude is set equal to zero.)
wire_gap_src(label,line_object,offset,polarity[,amplitude,phase,resistance])
WIRE GAP LOAD PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
offset | real numeric | project units | half the length of host line object | distance between the device and the start point of the host line object |
Rs | real numeric | Ohms | 50 | series resistor (must be checked) |
Ls | real numeric | nH | - | series inductor (must be checked) |
Cs | real numeric | pF | - | series capacitor (must be checked) |
Rs | real numeric | Ohms | - | parallel resistor (must be checked) |
Ls | real numeric | nH | - | parallel inductor (must be checked) |
Cs | real numeric | pF | - | parallel capacitor (must be checked) |
Wire Gap Circuit Source
MODULE: EM.Libera
FUNCTION: Creates an infinitesimal gap across a PEC or thin wire line object at a specified location and places an ideal voltage source with a series internal resistor
TO DEFINE A WIRE GAP SOURCE:
- Right-click on the Wire Gap Circuits item in the navigation tree.
- Select Insert New Source... to open up the Wire Gap Source Dialog.
- From the Host drop-down list, select a PEC or thin wire line object.
- By default, the wire gap source is placed at the midpoint of the host line object. You can modify the Offset parameter, which is measured from the start point of the host line and is always positive.
- Click the OK button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
PYTHON COMMAND: wire_gap_src(label,line_object,offset,polarity[,amplitude,phase,resistance])
WIRE GAP SOURCE PARAMETERS
Parameter Name | Value Type | Units | Default Value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
polarity | List: pos, neg | - | pos | polarity of the voltage source |
offset | real numeric | project units | 0 | distance between the source and the start point of the host line object |
amplitude | real numeric | Volts | 1 | amplitude of voltage source at the gap |
phase | real numeric | degrees | 0 | phase of voltage source at the gap |