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/* Wave Propagation Modeling */
Penetrable volume blocks with arbitrary geometries and material properties</li>
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Import of shapefiles and STEP, IGES abnd and STL CAD model files for scene construction</li>
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Terrain surfaces with arbitrary geometries and material properties and random rough surface profiles</li>
Python-based random city wizard with randomized building locations, extents and orientations</li>
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Python-based wizards for generation of parameterized multi-story office bulidings buildings and several terrain scene types</li>
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Standard half-wave dipole transmitters and receivers orinted oriented along the principal axes</li>
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Short Hertzian dipole sources with arbitrary orientation</li>
Parametric sweeps of scene elements like building properties, or radiator heights and rotation angles</li>
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Statistical analsyis analysis of the propagation scene</li>
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Polarimetric channel characterization for MIMO analysis</li>
The directivity of the dipole antenna is given be the expression:
<math> D_0 \approx \frac{2 }{F_1(k_0L) + F_2(k_0L) + F_3(k_0L)} \left[ \frac{\text{cos} \left( \frac{k_0 L}{2} \text{cos} \theta \right) - \text{cos} \left( \frac{k_0 L}{2} \right) }{\text{sin}\theta} \right]^2 } {</math> with <math> F_1(x) = \gamma + \text{ln}(k_0Lx) - C_i(k_0Lx) + </math> <math> F_2(x) = \frac{1}{2} \text{sin}(k_0Lx) \left[ S_i(2k_0L2x) - 2S_i(k_0Lx) \right] + </math> <math> F_3(x) = \frac{1}{2} \text{cos}(k_0Lx) \left[ \gamma + \text{ln}(k_0Lx/2) + C_i(2k_0L2x) - 2C_i(k_0Lx) \right] } </math>
{{Note| EM.Terrano's mobile sweep works only with the Polarimatrix Solver and requires an existing ray database previously generated using the Channel Analyzer.}}
=== Investigating Propagation Effects Selectively One at a Time ===
In a typical SBR ray tracing simulation, EM.Terrano includes all the propagation effects such as direct (LOS) rays, ray reflection and transmission, and edge diffractions. At the end of a SBR simulation, you can visualize the received power coverage map of your propagation scene, which appears under the receiver set item in the navigation tree. The figure below shows the received power coverage map of the random city scene with a vertically polarized half-wave dipole transmitter located 10m above the ground and a large grid of vertically polarized half-wave dipole receivers placed 1.5m above the ground. The legend box shows the limits of the color map between -23dBm as the maximum and -150dB (the default receiver sensitivity value) as the minimum.
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[[Image:UrbanCanyon10.png|thumb|left|640px|The received power coverage map of the random city scene with a dipole transmitter.]]
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Sometime it is helpful to change the scale of the color map to better understand the dynamic range of the coverage map. If you double-click on the legend or right-click on the coverage map's name in the navigation tree and select '''Properties''', the Plot Settings dialog opens up. Select the '''User-Defined''' item and set the lower and upper bounds of color map as you wish.
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[[Image:UrbanCanyon15.png|thumb|left|480px|The plot settings dialog of the coverage map.]]
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[[Image:UrbanCanyon16.png|thumb|left|640px|The received power coverage map of the random city scene with a user-defined color map scale between -80dBm and -20dBm.]]
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To better understand the various propagation effects, EM.Terrano allows you to enable or disable these effects selectively. This is done from the Ray Tracing Simulation Engine Settings dialog using the provided check boxes.
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[[Image:UrbanCanyon14.png|thumb|left|640px|EM.Terrano's simulation run dialog showing the check boxes for controlling various propagation effects.]]
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[[Image:UrbanCanyon11.png|thumb|left|640px|The received power coverage map of the random city scene with direct LOS rays only.]]
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[[Image:UrbanCanyon12.png|thumb|left|640px|The received power coverage map of the random city scene with reflected rays only.]]
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[[Image:UrbanCanyon13.png|thumb|left|640px|The received power coverage map of the random city scene with diffracted rays only.]]
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== Working with EM.Terrano's Simulation Data ==
* '''Receiver Properties''': This includes the radiation characteristics of the receiving antenna, the transmission characteristics of the transmission line connecting the receiving antenna to the receiver circuit and the receiver chain parameters.
<math> P_r [dBm] = P_t [dBm] + G_{TC} + G_{TA} - PL + G_{RA} + G_{RC} </math>
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[[Image:AnnArbor Scene6UrbanCanyon17.png|thumb|left|720px|EM.Terrano's ray data dialogshowing a selected ray.]]
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<td> [[Image:AnnArbor Scene7UrbanCanyon18.png|thumb|left|640px|Visualization of received rays at the location of a selected receiver in the downtown Ann Arbor random city scene.]] </td>
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=== The Standard Output Data Files File ===
At the end of an SBR simulation, [[EM.Terrano]] writes a number of ASCII data files to your project folder. The main output data file is called "sbr_results.RTOUT". This file contains all the information about individual receivers and the [[parameters]] of each ray that is received by each individual receiver.
At the end of an SBR simulation, the results are written into a main output data file with the reserved name of SBR_Results.RTOUT. This file has the following format:
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There is an important catch to remember here. When you define a radiation pattern observable for your project, EM.Terrano will attempt to compute the overall effective radiation pattern of the entire physical structure. However, in this case, you defined the radiation pattern observable merely for visualization purposes. To stop EM.Terrano from computing the actual radiation pattern of your entire scene, there is a check box in EM.Terrano's Ray Tracer Simulation Engine Settings dialog that is labeled '''Do not compute new radiation patterns'''. This box is checked by default, which means the actual radiation pattern of your entire scene will not be computed automatically. But you need to remember to uncheck this box if you ever need to compute a new radiation pattern using EM.Terrano's SBR solver as an asymptotic EM solver(see next section).
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