You can also use higher- or lower-order integration schemes for the calculation of field integrals. [[EM.Cube]]'s PO simulation engine uses triangular cells for the mesh of the physical surface structures and rectangular cells for discretization of Huygens sources and surfaces. For integration of triangular cells, you have three options: '''7-Point Quadrature''', '''3-Point Quadrature''' and '''Constant'''. For integration of rectangular cells, too, you have three options: '''9-Point Quadrature''', '''4-Point Quadrature''' and '''Constant'''.
== Working with PO Simualtion Simulation Data ==
EM.Illumina does not produce any output data on its own unless you define one or more observables for your simulation project. The primary output data in the Physical Optics method are the electric and magnetic surface current distributions on the surface of your structure. At the end of a PO simulation, EM.Illumina generates a number of output data files that contain all the computed simulation data. Once the current distributions are known, EM.Illumina can compute near-field distributions as well as far-field quantities such as radiation patterns and radar cross section (RCS).
EM.Illumina currently provides the following observables (click on each type to learn more about it):
* {| class="wikitable"|-! scope="col"| Simulation Data Type! scope="col"| Observable Type! scope="col"| Applications! scope="col"| Restrictions|-| style="width:150px;" | '''[[Data_Visualization_and_ProcessingGlossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Visualizing_3D_Current_Distribution_Maps Current Distribution| Current DistributionsDistribution Maps]]'''* | style="width:150px;" | '''[[Data_Visualization_and_ProcessingGlossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#The_Field_Sensor_Observable Current Distribution | Current Distribution]]'''| style="width:300px;" | Computing electric surface current distribution on PEC and impedance surfaces and magnetic surface current distribution on PMC and impedance surfaces| style="width:250px;" | None|-| style="width:150px;" | '''[[Glossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Near-Field DistributionsSensor |Near-Field Distribution Maps]]'''* | style="width:150px;" | '''[[Data_Visualization_and_ProcessingGlossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Near-Field Sensor |Near-Field Sensor]]''' | style="width:300px;" | Computing electric and magnetic field components on a specified plane in the frequency domain| style="width:250px;" | None|-| style="width:150px;" | '''[[Glossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Far-Field_Observables Field Radiation Pattern | Far -Field Radiation Characteristics]]'''| style="width:150px;" | '''[[Glossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Far- Field Radiation PatternsPattern |Far-Field Radiation Pattern]]'''* | style="width:300px;" | Computing the radiation pattern and additional radiation characteristics such as directivity, axial ratio, side lobe levels, etc. | style="width:250px;" | None|-| style="width:150px;" | '''[[Data_Visualization_and_ProcessingGlossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Computing_Radar_Cross_Section Radar Cross Section (RCS) | Far Fields - Field Scattering Characteristics]]'''| style="width:150px;" | '''[[Glossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Radar Cross Section (RCS) |Radar Cross Section(RCS)]]'''* | style="width:300px;" | Computing the bistatic and monostatic RCS of a target| style="width:250px;" | Requires a plane wave source|-| style="width:150px;" | '''[[Hybrid_Modeling_using_Multiple_Simulation_EnginesGlossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Generating_Huygens_Surface_Data Huygens Surface | Huygens Surface Data]]''' | style="width:150px;" | '''[[Glossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables#Huygens Surface |Huygens Surface]]'''| style="width:300px;" | Collecting tangential field data on a box to be used later as a Huygens source in other [[EM.Cube]] modules| style="width:250px;" | None|}Â Click on each category to learn more details about it in the [[Glossary of EM.Cube's Simulation Observables]].
Current distributions are visualized on the surface of PO mesh cells, and the magnitude and phase of the electric and magnetic surface currents are plotted for all the objects. A single current distribution node in the navigation tree holds the current distribution data for all the objects in the project workspace. Since the currents are plotted on the surface of the individual mesh cells, some parts of the plots may be blocked by and hidden inside smooth and curved objects. To be able to view those parts, you may have to freeze the obstructing objects or switch to the mesh view mode.