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A lumped source is the most commonly used way of exciting a structure in EM.Tempo. A lumped source is an ideal source that must be placed on a line object that is parallel to one of the three principal axes and shows up as a small red arrow on the host line. Lumped sources are typically used to define ports and compute the port characteristics like S/Y/Z [[parameters]]. Waveguide source is used to excite the dominant TE₁₀ mode of a hollow rectangular waveguide. Waveguide sources typically provide more accurate results for scattering [[parameters]] of waveguide structures compared to lumped sources as they represent the actual dominant propagating modes at the transmission line ports.

{{Note[[Image:Info_icon.png|In order 40px]] Click here to create a lumped source, you must have at least one line object or line array in the project workspacelearn more about '''[[Common_Excitation_Source_Types_in_EM.Cube#Lumped_.26_Waveguide_Sources | Waveguide Sources]]'''.}}

Waveguide source is used to excite the dominant TE₁₀ mode of a hollow rectangular waveguide[[Image:Info_icon. Waveguide sources typically provide png|40px]] Click here to learn more accurate results for scattering about '''[[parametersCommon_Excitation_Source_Types_in_EM.Cube#Defining_Finite-Sized_Source_Arrays | Using Source Arrays in Antenna Arrays]] of waveguide structures compared to lumped sources as they represent the actual dominant propagating modes at the transmission line ports'''.

[[Image:Info_icon.png{{Note|40px]] Click here In order to learn more about '''[[Common_Excitation_Source_Types_in_EM.Cube#Lumped_.26_Waveguide_Sources | Waveguide Sources]]'''create a lumped source, you must have at least one line object or line array in the project workspace.}}