A short dipole provides a simple way of exciting a structure in EM.Libera. A short dipole source acts like an infinitesimally small ideal current source. To define a short dipole source, follow these steps:
* Right click on the '''Short Dipoles''' item in the '''Sources''' section of the Navigation Tree and select '''Insert New Source..[[Image:Info_icon.png|40px]] Click here to learn more about ''' from the contextual menu[[Common_Excitation_Source_Types_in_EM. The Short Cube#Hertzian_Dipole_Sources | Hertzian Dipole dialog opens up.* In the Sources]]'''Source Location''' section of the dialog, you can set the coordinate of the center of the short dipole. By default, the source is placed at the origin of the world coordinate system at (0,0,0).You can type in new coordinates or use the spin buttons to move the dipole around.* In the '''Source Properties''' section, you can specify the '''Amplitude''' in Volts, the '''Phase''' in degrees as well as the '''Length''' of the dipole in project units.* In the '''Direction Unit Vector''' section, you can specify the orientation of the short dipole by setting values for the components '''uX''', '''uY''', and '''uZ''' of the dipole's unit vector. The default values correspond to a vertical (Z-directed) short dipole. The dialog normalizes the vector components upon closure even if your component values do not satisfy a unit magnitude.
[[Image:MOM8.png|thumb|360px|EM.Libera's Plane Wave dialog.]]
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=== Plane Wave Sources ===