The mesh density gives a measure of the number of cells per effective wavelength that are placed in various regions of your planar structure. The higher the mesh density, the more cells are created on the geometrical objects. Keep in mind that only the finite-sized objects of your structure are discretized. The free-space wavelength is defined as <math>\lambda_0 = \tfrac{2\pi f}{c}</math>, where f is the center frequency of your project and c is the speed of light in the free space. The effective wavelength is defined as <math>\lambda_{eff} = \tfrac{\lambda_0}{\sqrt{\varepsilon_{eff}}}</math>, where e<sub>eff</sub> is the effective permittivity. By default, [[EM.Picasso]] generates a hybrid mesh with a mesh density of 20 cells per effective wavelength. The effective permittivity is defined differently for different types of traces and embedded object sets. This is to make sure that enough cells are placed in areas that might feature higher field concentration. For PEC and conductive sheet traces, the effective permittivity is defined as the larger of the permittivity of the two substrate layers just above and below the metallic trace. For slot traces, the effective permittivity is defined as the mean (average) of the permittivity of the two substrate layers just above and below the metallic trace. For embedded object sets, the effective permittivity is defined as the largest of the permittivities of all the substrate layers and embedded dielectric sets.
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[[Image:PMOM44.png|thumb|400px|Deleting or curing defective triangular cells: Case 1.]]
[[Image:PMOM42.png|thumb|400px|Deleting or curing defective triangular cells: Case 2.]]
[[Image:PMOM45.png|thumb|300px|Locking the mesh density of an object group from its property dialog.]]
=== Generating, Viewing & Customizing a Planar Mesh ===
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You can generate and view a planar mesh by clicking the '''Show Mesh''' [[File:mesh_tool.png]] button of the '''Simulate Toolbar''' or by selecting '''Menu > Simulate > Discretization > Show Mesh''' or using the keyboard shortcut '''Ctrl+M'''. When the mesh of the planar structure is displayed in [[EM.Cube]]âs project workspace, its "Mesh View" mode is enabled. In this mode you can perform view operations like rotate view, pan or zoom, but you cannot create new objects or edit existing ones. To exit the mesh view mode, press the keyboard's '''Esc Key''' or click the '''Show Mesh''' [[File:mesh_tool.png]] button once again.
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Once a mesh is generated, it stays in the memory until the structure is changed or the mesh density or other settings are modified. Every time you view mesh, the one in the memory is displayed. You can force [[EM.Picasso]] to create a new mesh from the ground up by selecting '''Menu > Simulate > Discretization > Regenerate Mesh''' or by right clicking on the '''Planar Mesh''' item in the '''Discretization''' section of the navigation tree and selecting '''Regenerate''' from the contextual menu.
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You can change the settings of the planar mesh including the mesh type and density from the Planar Mesh Settings Dialog. You can also change these settings while in the mesh view mode, and you can update the changes to view the new mesh. To open the mesh settings dialog, either click the '''Mesh Settings''' [[File:mesh_settings.png]] button of the '''Simulate Toolbar''' or select '''Menu > Simulate > Discretization > Mesh Settings...''', or by right click on the '''Planar Mesh''' item in the '''Discretization''' section of the Navigation Tree and select '''Mesh Settings...''' from the contextual menu, or use the keyboard shortcut '''Ctrl+G'''. You can change the mesh algorithm from the dropdown list labeled '''Mesh Type''', which offers two options: '''Hybrid''' and '''Triangular'''. You can also enter a different value for '''Mesh Density''' in cells per effective wavelength (λ<sub>eff</sub>). For each value of mesh density, the dialog also shows the average "Cell Edge Length" in the free space. To get an idea of the size of mesh cells on the traces and embedded object sets, divide this edge length by the square root of the effective permittivity a particular trace or set. Click the '''Apply''' button to make the changes effective.
=== A Note on the Junction Mesh ===
</tr>
</table>
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[[Image:PMOM44.png|thumb|400px|Deleting or curing defective triangular cells: Case 1.]]
[[Image:PMOM42.png|thumb|400px|Deleting or curing defective triangular cells: Case 2.]]
[[Image:PMOM45.png|thumb|300px|Locking the mesh density of an object group from its property dialog.]]
=== Generating, Viewing & Customizing a Planar Mesh ===
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You can generate and view a planar mesh by clicking the '''Show Mesh''' [[File:mesh_tool.png]] button of the '''Simulate Toolbar''' or by selecting '''Menu > Simulate > Discretization > Show Mesh''' or using the keyboard shortcut '''Ctrl+M'''. When the mesh of the planar structure is displayed in [[EM.Cube]]âs project workspace, its "Mesh View" mode is enabled. In this mode you can perform view operations like rotate view, pan or zoom, but you cannot create new objects or edit existing ones. To exit the mesh view mode, press the keyboard's '''Esc Key''' or click the '''Show Mesh''' [[File:mesh_tool.png]] button once again.
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Once a mesh is generated, it stays in the memory until the structure is changed or the mesh density or other settings are modified. Every time you view mesh, the one in the memory is displayed. You can force [[EM.Picasso]] to create a new mesh from the ground up by selecting '''Menu > Simulate > Discretization > Regenerate Mesh''' or by right clicking on the '''Planar Mesh''' item in the '''Discretization''' section of the navigation tree and selecting '''Regenerate''' from the contextual menu.
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You can change the settings of the planar mesh including the mesh type and density from the Planar Mesh Settings Dialog. You can also change these settings while in the mesh view mode, and you can update the changes to view the new mesh. To open the mesh settings dialog, either click the '''Mesh Settings''' [[File:mesh_settings.png]] button of the '''Simulate Toolbar''' or select '''Menu > Simulate > Discretization > Mesh Settings...''', or by right click on the '''Planar Mesh''' item in the '''Discretization''' section of the Navigation Tree and select '''Mesh Settings...''' from the contextual menu, or use the keyboard shortcut '''Ctrl+G'''. You can change the mesh algorithm from the dropdown list labeled '''Mesh Type''', which offers two options: '''Hybrid''' and '''Triangular'''. You can also enter a different value for '''Mesh Density''' in cells per effective wavelength (λ<sub>eff</sub>). For each value of mesh density, the dialog also shows the average "Cell Edge Length" in the free space. To get an idea of the size of mesh cells on the traces and embedded object sets, divide this edge length by the square root of the effective permittivity a particular trace or set. Click the '''Apply''' button to make the changes effective.
=== Refining the Planar Mesh Locally ===