You couple two or more sources using the '''Port Definition Dialog'''. To do so, you need to change the default port assignments. First, delete all the ports that are to be coupled from the Port List of the dialog. Then, define a new port by clicking the '''Add''' button of the dialog. This opens up the Add Port dialog, which consists of two tables: '''Available''' sources on the left and '''Associated''' sources on the right. A right arrow ('''-->''') button and a left arrow ('''<--''') button let you move the sources freely between these two tables. You will see in the "Available" table a list of all the sources that you deleted earlier. You may even see more available sources. Select all the sources that you want to couple and move them to the "Associated" table on the right. You can make multiple selections using the keyboard's '''Shift''' and '''Ctrl''' keys. Closing the Add Port dialog returns you to the Port Definition dialog, where you will now see the names of all the coupled sources next to the name of the newly added port.
{{Note|It is your responsibility to set up coupled ports and coupled [[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|transmission lines]]]]]]]] properly. For example, to excite the desirable odd mode of a coplanar waveguide (CPW), you need to create two rectangular slots parallel to and aligned with each other and place two gap sources on them with the same offsets and opposite polarities. To excite the even mode of the CPW, you use the same polarity for the two collocated gap sources. Whether you define a coupled port for the CPW or not, the right definition of sources will excite the proper mode. The couple ports are needed only for correct calculation of the port characteristics.}}
[[File:PMOM51(2).png|800px]]
[[EM.Cube]]'s Planar Modules also allows you to run an adaptive frequency sweep of periodic surfaces excited by a plane wave source. In this case, the planar MoM engine calculates the reflection and transmission coefficients of the periodic surface. Note that you can conceptually consider a periodic surface as a two-port network, where Port 1 is the top half-space and Port 2 is the bottom half-space. In that case, the reflection coefficient R is equivalent to S<sub>11</sub> parameter, while the transmission coefficient T is equivalent to S<sub>21</sub> parameter. This is, of course, the case when the periodic surface is illuminated by the plane wave source from the top half-space, corresponding to 90°< θ = 180°. You can also illuminate the periodic surface by the plane wave source from the bottom half-space, corresponding to 0° = θ < 90°. In this case, the reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T are equivalent to S<sub>22</sub> and S<sub>12</sub> [[parameters]], respectively. Having these interpretations in mind, [[EM.Cube]] enables the "'''Adaptive Frequency Sweep'''" option of the '''Frequency Settings Dialog''' when your planar structure has a periodic domain together with a plane wave source.
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Click here to learn about [[Modeling Finite-Sized Periodic Arrays Using NCCBF Technique]].
=== Modeling Finite-Sized Periodic Arrays Using NCCBF Technique ===