Every time you define a new trace, it is also added under the respective category in the Navigation Tree. Alternatively, you can define a new trace from the Navigation Tree by right clicking on one of the trace type names and selecting '''Insert New PEC Trace...'''or '''Insert New PMC Trace...'''or '''Insert New Conductive Sheet Trace...'''A respective dialog opens up for setting the trace properties. Once you close this dialog, it takes you directly to the Layer Stack-up Settings dialog so that you can set the right position of the trace on the stack-up.
=== Drawing & Managing Planar Objects ===
As soon as you start drawing geometrical objects in the project workspace, the Physical Structure section of the Navigation Tree gets populated. The names of traces are added under their respective trace type category, and the names of objects appear under their respective trace group. At any time, one and only one trace is active in the project workspace. An active trace is where all the new objects you draw belong to. When you define a new trace, it is set as active and you can immediately start drawing new objects on that trace. You can also set any trace active at any time by right clicking its name on the Navigation Tree and selecting '''Activate''' from the contextual menu. The name of the active trace is always displayed in bold letter in the Navigation Tree.
EM.Picasso has a special feature that makes construction of planar structures quite easy and straightforward. '''The active work plane of the project workspace is always set at the plane of the active trace.''' In [[EM.Cube]]'s other modules, all objects are drawn in the XY plane (z = 0) by default. In [[Planar Module]], all new objects are drawn on a horizontal plane that is located at the Z-coordinate of the currently active trace. As you change the active trace or add a new trace, you will also change the active work plane.
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You can manage your project's layer hierarchy from the Layer Stack-up Settings dialog. You can add, delete and move around substrate layers, metallic and slot traces and embedded object sets. Metallic and slot traces can move among the interface planes between neighboring substrate layers. Embedded object sets including PEC vias and finite dielectric objects can move from substrate layer into another. When you delete a trace from the Layer Stack-up Settings dialog, all of its objects are deleted from the project workspace, too. You can also delete metallic and slot traces or embedded object sets from the Navigation Tree. To do so, right click on the name of the trace or object set in the Navigation Tree and select '''Delete''' from the contextual menu. You can also delete all the traces or object sets of the same type from the contextual menu of the respective type category in the Navigation Tree.
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By default, the last defined trace or embedded object set is active. You can activate any trace or embedded object set at any time for drawing new objects. You can move one or more selected objects from any trace or embedded object set to another group of the same type or of different type. First select an object in the project workspace or in the Navigation Tree. Then, right click on the highlighted selection and select '''Move To >''' from the contextual menu. This opens another sub-menu containing '''Planar''' and a list of all the other [[EM.Cube]] modules that have already defined object groups. Select '''Planar''' or any other available module, and yet another sub-menu opens up with a list of all the available traces and embedded object sets already defined in your project. Select the desired group, and all the selected objects will move to that group. When selecting multiple objects from the Navigation Tree, make sure that you hold the keyboard's '''Shift Key''' or '''Ctrl Key''' down while selecting a group's name from the contextual menu.
=== Planar Module's Rules & Limitations ===
[[Planar Module|Planar module]] does not allow construction of 3D CAD objects. Instead, you draw the cross section of prismatic objects as planar [[Surface Objects|surface objects]] parallel to the XY plane. [[EM.Cube]] then automatically extrudes these cross sections and constructs and displays 3D prisms over them. The prisms extend all the way across the thickness of the host substrate layer.
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=== Managing Objects, Traces & Sets ===
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You can manage your project's layer hierarchy from the Layer Stack-up Settings dialog. You can add, delete and move around substrate layers, metallic and slot traces and embedded object sets. Metallic and slot traces can move among the interface planes between neighboring substrate layers. Embedded object sets including PEC vias and finite dielectric objects can move from substrate layer into another. When you delete a trace from the Layer Stack-up Settings dialog, all of its objects are deleted from the project workspace, too. You can also delete metallic and slot traces or embedded object sets from the Navigation Tree. To do so, right click on the name of the trace or object set in the Navigation Tree and select '''Delete''' from the contextual menu. You can also delete all the traces or object sets of the same type from the contextual menu of the respective type category in the Navigation Tree.
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By default, the last defined trace or embedded object set is active. You can activate any trace or embedded object set at any time for drawing new objects. You can move one or more selected objects from any trace or embedded object set to another group of the same type or of different type. First select an object in the project workspace or in the Navigation Tree. Then, right click on the highlighted selection and select '''Move To >''' from the contextual menu. This opens another sub-menu containing '''Planar''' and a list of all the other [[EM.Cube]] modules that have already defined object groups. Select '''Planar''' or any other available module, and yet another sub-menu opens up with a list of all the available traces and embedded object sets already defined in your project. Select the desired group, and all the selected objects will move to that group. When selecting multiple objects from the Navigation Tree, make sure that you hold the keyboard's '''Shift Key''' or '''Ctrl Key''' down while selecting a group's name from the contextual menu.
== Discretizing Planar Structures ==
You couple two or more sources using the '''Port Definition Dialog'''. To do so, you need to change the default port assignments. First, delete all the ports that are to be coupled from the Port List of the dialog. Then, define a new port by clicking the '''Add''' button of the dialog. This opens up the Add Port dialog, which consists of two tables: '''Available''' sources on the left and '''Associated''' sources on the right. A right arrow ('''-->''') button and a left arrow ('''<--''') button let you move the sources freely between these two tables. You will see in the "Available" table a list of all the sources that you deleted earlier. You may even see more available sources. Select all the sources that you want to couple and move them to the "Associated" table on the right. You can make multiple selections using the keyboard's '''Shift''' and '''Ctrl''' keys. Closing the Add Port dialog returns you to the Port Definition dialog, where you will now see the names of all the coupled sources next to the name of the newly added port.
{{Note|It is your responsibility to set up coupled ports and coupled [[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|[[Transmission Lines|transmission lines]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]] properly. For example, to excite the desirable odd mode of a coplanar waveguide (CPW), you need to create two rectangular slots parallel to and aligned with each other and place two gap sources on them with the same offsets and opposite polarities. To excite the even mode of the CPW, you use the same polarity for the two collocated gap sources. Whether you define a coupled port for the CPW or not, the right definition of sources will excite the proper mode. The couple ports are needed only for correct calculation of the port characteristics.}}
[[File:PMOM51(2).png|800px]]